Using nanobio analytical devices, such as DNA microarray, we will collect and accumulate new genome-wide bioinformation that cannot be obtained by conventional analytical devices. Then, we will apply these bioinformation to clinical diagnostics and clinical pharmacology. Among bioinformation that can be obtained by DNA microarray technology, we are focusing on mRNA expression, microRNA expression, and epigenetic information.

Aim 1: From mRNA expression profiling to “Taylor-made” therapy.
Most of current gene counselings are to diagnose diseases or to stratify patients by a single gene marker. In contrast, using a comprehensive gene expression data set, we are trying to establish mathematical models to predict patients’ survivals, sensitivity to chemo-radiation therapy, and distant metastasis for patients with various malignancies, especially esophageal and renal cancers. To establish a reliable stratification strategy using these prediction models will enable us to perform “Taylor-made” therapy.

Aim 2: Functional analysis of microRNA
MicroRNA is a new class of short RNA molecules that do not code proteins. MicroRNA research is one of the most emerging and promising research fields. Recent microarray technique can measure microRNA expression precisely and comprehensively. As basic research projects, we are investigating microRNA functions of cell differentiation and immune mechanisms in normal cells, and malignant characteristics in tumor cells. These basic research results will be a foundation for the future clinical application (Aim 3, 4).

Aim 3: Epigenetic analysis of the expression of mRNA and microRNA
Recently, the control of microRNA expression by DNA methylation has become clear. In the carcinogenesis process of various cancers, we analyze genome-widely the control of the expression of mRNA and microRNA, and clarify the mechanism of epigenetics in the carcinogenesis process.